Brain-Infecting Fungus Cases Surge in US: CDC Warns

Detections of the deadly fungus Cladophialophora bantiana have risen fourfold in the United States between 2023 and 2025, according to a study by the University of Washington and the CDC ^[1]. The fungus, which primarily infects the central nervous system, can form life-threatening brain abscesses. Infections are fatal in 60% to 70% of cases, even with aggressive treatment.

The research, published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, highlights that both immunocompromised individuals and otherwise healthy people are at risk ^[1]. The fungus is believed to be contracted through inhalation, with most infections found in brain tissue, underscoring its neurotropic nature.

Despite the alarming increase, there is currently no US government system to track infections caused by Cladophialophora bantiana ^[1]. Researchers have called for greater clinical awareness, suggesting surgical removal combined with antifungal therapy as potential treatment options, though recovery is not guaranteed.

The cause of the surge remains unknown, though global warming is being considered as a possible factor, as rising temperatures may enable fungal pathogens to adapt and spread more easily ^[1]. However, this link has not been confirmed.

The study underscores two critical issues: the rising number of detections of a rare pathogen and the severe outcomes for those infected. The fourfold increase over two years, combined with the high fatality rate, has prompted urgent calls for improved surveillance and medical preparedness ^[2].

With no federal tracking system in place, experts warn that the true scale of the threat may be underreported ^[1]. The findings highlight the need for urgent action to prevent further spread and improve early diagnosis and treatment ^[2]. The story was first reported by Mirror and Daily Star.